2019年10月31日，中国共产党第十九届中央委员会第四次全体会议通过了《中共中央关于坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化若干重大问题的决定》（以下简称《决定》）。

 

        《决定》发布后，中国外文局主管的中国翻译研究院组织党政、翻译等领域专家，精选重要语汇，经初译、审改、核定等环节，形成参考译法，以期为相关外事外宣翻译业务部门、外宣媒体、专业翻译机构以及各行各业涉外交流人员提供参考借鉴，推动做好重要政治词汇外译的统一化、规范化、标准化工作。

 

        具体内容如下：

 

中国共产党第十九届中央委员会第四次全体会议通过的

《中共中央关于坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化若干重大问题的决定》 语汇摘录及英译参考

The Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Major Issues Concerning Upholding and Improving the System of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics and Advancing the Modernization of China's System and Capacity for Governance

 

Deliberated and Adopted at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the CPC

 

(Excerpts and English versions for reference)

 

一、核心要点（摘录）

 

1. 坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化。

Upholding and improving the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics and advancing the modernization of China's system and capacity for governance.

 

2. 坚持和完善党的领导制度体系，提高党科学执政、民主执政、依法执政水平。

Upholding and improving the systems and institutions for CPC leadership, with enhanced capacity for the CPC to exercise power based on informed decisions, democratic process and the rule of law. 

 

3. 坚持和完善人民当家作主制度体系，发展社会主义民主政治。

Upholding and improving systems and institutions that ensure the people's participation in the decision-making process, with continuous progress in socialist democracy.

“人民当家作主制度体系”译法二：systems and institutions that ensure the people are the masters of the country

 

4. 坚持和完善中国特色社会主义法治体系，提高党依法治国、依法执政能力。

Upholding and improving legal institutions under socialism with Chinese characteristics, and enhancing the CPC's capacity as the ruling party to pursue the rule of law.

 

5. 坚持和完善中国特色社会主义行政体制，构建职责明确、依法行政的政府治理体系。

Upholding and improving government administration system under socialism with Chinese characteristics, in a structure that ensures clearly defined duties and responsibilities and governance on the basis of the rule of law.

 

6. 坚持和完善社会主义基本经济制度，推动经济高质量发展。

Maintaining and improving the basic socialist economic system with continuous drive for quality growth. 

 

7. 坚持和完善繁荣发展社会主义先进文化的制度，巩固全体人民团结奋斗的共同思想基础。

Maintaining and improving a system that promotes cultural advancement under socialism so that the whole nation is united with shared beliefs and goals for the future.

 

8. 坚持和完善统筹城乡的民生保障制度，满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要。

Maintaining and enhancing social welfare systems for urban and rural residents to satisfy the growing needs for a better life.

 

9. 坚持和完善共建共治共享的社会治理制度，保持社会稳定、维护国家安全。

Maintaining and improving a social governance system based on collaboration and broad participation with the goal to bring benefits to all, to ensure social stability and national security. 

 

10. 坚持和完善生态文明制度体系，促进人与自然和谐共生。

Maintaining and improving a system for eco-environmental progress so that man can live in harmony with nature. 

 

11. 坚持和完善党对人民军队的绝对领导制度，确保人民军队忠实履行新时代使命任务。

Upholding and improving the system for the CPC's absolute leadership over the armed forces to ensure that the people's army will be able to fulfill its mission in the new era. 

 

12. 坚持和完善“一国两制”制度体系，推进祖国和平统一。

Upholding and improving the system of “one country, two systems” to promote peaceful reunification of the Chinese nation. 

 

13. 坚持和完善独立自主的和平外交政策，推动构建人类命运共同体。

Upholding and improving the independent foreign policy of peace and helping build a global community of shared future. 

 

14. 坚持和完善党和国家监督体系，强化对权力运行的制约和监督。

Maintaining and improving CPC and state oversight systems with strengthened disciplines and oversight over the exercise of power.

 

15. 加强党对坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的领导。

Enhancing the CPC leadership over the process for upholding and improving socialism with Chinese characteristics and advancing the modernization of China's system and capacity for governance.

 

二、13个显著优势

China's strengths for its system and governance in the following areas:

 

1. 坚持党的集中统一领导，坚持党的科学理论，保持政治稳定，确保国家始终沿着社会主义方向前进的显著优势；

Upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC, guided by the CPC's scientific theories, with political stability and a clear course of action for the country  on the path of socialism;

 

2. 坚持人民当家作主，发展人民民主，密切联系群众，紧紧依靠人民推动国家发展的显著优势；

Respecting the importance of the people as masters of the country, who participate in the decision-making process in a system of people's democracy, and maintaining close ties with the people, who are an important part of the nation's efforts for development;

 

3. 坚持全面依法治国，建设社会主义法治国家，切实保障社会公平正义和人民权利的显著优势；

Pursuing law-based governance in all respects in a socialist country that follows the rule of law and ensures social fairness and justice and the rights of the people; 

 

4. 坚持全国一盘棋，调动各方面积极性，集中力量办大事的显著优势；

Encouraging initiative from all sectors with concentrated efforts for big and key projects, all for the purpose of achieving the fundamental goals for national development; 

 

5. 坚持各民族一律平等，铸牢中华民族共同体意识，实现共同团结奋斗、共同繁荣发展的显著优势；

Upholding equality between all ethnic groups, with a strong recognition of our national identity as one nation working together for common prosperity and development; 

 

6. 坚持公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展和按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存，把社会主义制度和市场经济有机结合起来，不断解放和发展社会生产力的显著优势；

Maintaining the dominant role of public ownership while allowing for different economic activities in diverse forms of ownership, and implementing a system of multiple modes of distribution with “to each according to his contribution” as its principal form. Such a structure represents an effective combination of the socialist system and the market economy and helps unlock and create greater productivity;

 

7. 坚持共同的理想信念、价值理念、道德观念，弘扬中华优秀传统文化、革命文化、社会主义先进文化，促进全体人民在思想上精神上紧紧团结在一起的显著优势；

Upholding common ideals, values and moral standards, and promoting fine Chinese traditions, revolutionary heritage and advanced socialist culture in a way that the Chinese nation will be untied with shared beliefs and convictions for continuous progress; 

 

8. 坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，不断保障和改善民生、增进人民福祉，走共同富裕道路的显著优势；

Pursuing the development that puts people in the first place, with continuous efforts to improve livelihood and wellbeing to achieve prosperity for all; 

 

9. 坚持改革创新、与时俱进，善于自我完善、自我发展，使社会始终充满生机活力的显著优势；

Implementing continuous reform and innovation to keep abreast of the times, and making constant efforts for self-improvement and development, leading to a vibrant and dynamic society; 

 

10. 坚持德才兼备、选贤任能，聚天下英才而用之，培养造就更多更优秀人才的显著优势；

Assembling the best minds across the land selected for their integrity and expertise, with a system that continuously prepares people for the country's future need for talent; 

 

11. 坚持党指挥枪，确保人民军队绝对忠诚于党和人民，有力保障国家主权、安全、发展利益的显著优势；

Maintaining a people's army that is under the command of the CPC with absolute loyalty to the Party and the people and the prowess to safeguard China's sovereignty, security and national interests； 

 

12. 坚持“一国两制”，保持香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定，促进祖国和平统一的显著优势；

Upholding the principle of “one country, two systems” to maintain lasting prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao and promote the peaceful reunification of China;

 

13. 坚持独立自主和对外开放相统一，积极参与全球治理，为构建人类命运共同体不断作出贡献的显著优势。

Maintaining independence and self-reliance while opening to the outside world, with active participation in global governance and positive contribution to the building of a global community of shared future. 

 

 

三、其他重要概念、范畴、表述（摘录）

Other important concepts, principles and quotes

 

1. 经济快速发展奇迹和社会长期稳定奇迹

the miracles of rapid economic growth and sustained social stability

 

2. 党的全面领导制度

the system for overall leadership of the CPC

 

3. 中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度

the system of CPC-led multiparty cooperation and political consultation

 

4. 新型政党制度

a new model of relations of political parties

 

5. 最广泛的爱国统一战线

(consolidating and developing) the broadest possible patriotic united front

 

6. 民族区域自治制度

the system of regional ethnic autonomy

 

7. 基层群众自治制度

the system of community-level self-governance

 

8. 社会主义法治国家

(building) a socialist country based on the rule of law

 

9. 科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守法

working to ensure sound lawmaking, strict law enforcement, impartial administration of justice, and observance of law by all

 

10. 党委领导、人大主导、政府依托、各方参与的立法工作格局

legislation by the people's congresses under the leadership of the CPC, in a process with government support and broad participation

 

11. 为人民服务、对人民负责、受人民监督

serving the people, answering to the people and watched by the people

 

12. 数字政府建设

building a digital government

 

13. 垂直管理体制和地方分级管理体制

the institutions of vertical management and tiered local management

 

14. 权责清晰、财力协调、区域均衡的中央和地方财政关系

establishing a fiscal relationship between the central and local governments built upon clearly defined powers and responsibilities, with appropriate financial resource allocation, and greater balance between regions

 

15. 社会主义市场经济体制

the socialist market economy

 

16. 供给侧结构性改革

supply-side structural reform

 

17. 管资本为主的国有资产监管体制

a state assets regulation system that focuses on capital regulation

 

18. 农村集体产权制度改革

reform of the rural collective property rights system

 

19. 市场准入负面清单制度

a negative list for market access

 

20. 竞争政策基础地位

the fundamental role of competition policies

 

21. 具有高度适应性、竞争力、普惠性的现代金融体系

a modern financial system that is adaptive, competitive and inclusive 

 

22. 经济治理基础数据库

a basic database for economic governance

 

23. 乡村振兴战略

the rural revitalization strategy

 

24. 国家战略科技力量

building up China's strategic strengths in science and technology 

 

25. 国家实验室体系

a system of national laboratories

 

26. 新型举国体制

a new type of national system with concentrated efforts and resources for important events or projects

 

27. 科技伦理治理体制

a system for science regulations and ethics

 

28. 外商投资准入前国民待遇

pre-establishment national treatment to foreign investment

 

29. 自由贸易试验区、自由贸易港

pilot free trade zones and free trade ports

 

30. 举旗帜、聚民心、育新人、兴文化、展形象

keeping a firm conviction, winning the people's support, cultivating new generations of people, advancing culture, and presenting China's positive image 

 

31. 马克思主义在意识形态领域指导地位的根本制度

the fundamental system that ensures Marxism as the leading ideological guidance for the Party

 

32. 社会主义核心价值观

译法一：core socialist values（十九大报告英文译法）

译法二：core values of socialism（《中国关键词》译法）

 

33. 新时代文明实践中心

Chinese cultural centers in the new era

 

34. 中华优秀传统文化传承发展工程

programs to keep China's fine traditional culture alive and strong

 

35. 覆盖全社会的征信体系

a credit system covering all citizens

 

36. 公共文化服务体系建设

improving the public cultural service system

 

37. 全媒体传播体系

all-media communication system

 

38. 幼有所育、学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居、弱有所扶

ensuring universal access to childcare, education, employment, medical services, elderly care, housing, and social welfare assistance

 

39. 普惠性、基础性、兜底性民生建设

inclusive programs that help improve livelihood and provide social welfare assistance 

 

40. 服务全民终身学习的教育体系

an educational system for lifelong learning 

 

41. 统筹城乡、可持续的基本养老保险制度、基本医疗保险制度

enhancing sustainable basic pension and medical insurance schemes that cover both urban and rural residents

 

42. 公平可及、系统连续的健康服务

fair, accessible, comprehensive and continuous health services

 

43. 党委领导、政府负责、民主协商、社会协同、公众参与、法治保障、科技支撑的社会治理体系

a social governance system led by the CPC committees and implemented by the government, based on consultation, broad participation and the rule of law, and supported by technologies 

 

44. 社会治理共同体

译法一：a social governance community

译法二：a community for social governance 

 

45. 新时代“枫桥经验”

the Fengqiao experience in promoting social harmony in the new era

 

46. 社会治安防控体系

a crime prevention and control system

 

47. 公共安全体制机制

public safety institutions and mechanisms

 

48. 统一指挥、专常兼备、反应灵敏、上下联动的应急管理体制

an emergency management system with unified command and reserves of specialized and regular staff, capable of quick response and effective coordination at different levels

 

49. 基层社会治理新格局

a new model of community-level governance

 

50. 网格化管理和服务

grid management and services

 

51. 国家安全体系

the national security system

 

52. 总体国家安全观

(pursuing) a holistic approach to national security

 

53. 节约优先、保护优先、自然恢复为主

the principles of conservation and protection, with priority for natural restoration 

 

54. 主体功能区制度

the system of functional zoning

 

55. 资源高效利用制度

the system for efficient utilization of resources

 

56. 垃圾分类和资源化利用制度

the system for waste sorting and recycling

 

57. 生态保护和修复制度

the system for ecological conservation and restoration

 

58. 山水林田湖草一体化保护和修复

a holistic approach to protecting and restoring mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, and grasslands

 

59. 国家公园保护制度

the national park system

 

60. 生态环境保护责任制度

an accountability system for ecological and environmental protection

 

61. 生态补偿和生态环境损害赔偿制度

mechanisms for ecological compensation

 

62. 军委主席负责制

the system for overall command by the chairman of the Central Military Commission

 

63. 军民融合

military-civilian integration

 

64. “一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治

the policies of “one country, two systems,” “the people of Hong Kong governing Hong Kong,” “the people of Macao governing Macao,” and a high degree of autonomy for both regions

 

65. 粤港澳大湾区建设

the development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

 

66. 新型国际关系

a new form of international relations

 

67. 全球治理体系改革和建设

the reform and evolution of the global governance system

 

68. 人类命运共同体

a global community of shared future 

 

69. 共商共建共享的全球治理观

global governance based on consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits

 

70. 不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐体制机制

systems and mechanisms that create enough deterrence so that officials neither dare, can nor even think of being corrupt

 

71. 权威高效的制度执行机制

authoritative and efficient mechanisms for implementation 

 

72. 坚持和完善支撑中国特色社会主义制度的根本制度、基本制度、重要制度

upholding and improving the fundamental, basic and important systems that underpin the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics

 

73. 着力固根基、扬优势、补短板、强弱项

solidifying the foundation, leveraging our strengths and tackling areas of weaknesses

 

74. 加强系统治理、依法治理、综合治理、源头治理

improved governance with complete laws and regulations, systematic and comprehensive measures and an emphasis on addressing the root causes of issues

 

75. 坚定中国特色社会主义道路自信、理论自信、制度自信、文化自信

maintaining confidence in our path, theory, system and culture under socialism with Chinese characteristics 

 

76. 把我国制度优势更好转化为国家治理效能

improving the efficiency and effectiveness of governance by taking advantage of China's institutional strengths 

 

77. 建立不忘初心、牢记使命的制度

the system that ensures CPC members' continued commitment to the CPC's founding mission

 

78. 健全为人民执政、靠人民执政各项制度

improving the institutions for governance for the people and supported by the people

 

79. 改进党的领导方式和执政方式

improving the CPC's ways of leadership and governance

 

80. 体现人民意志、保障人民权益、激发人民创造

to make sure that people's will is fully represented, their rights and interests are protected, and people are motivated with their enthusiasm for creative activities

 

81. 健全人大对“一府一委两院”监督制度

improving the system for the people's congresses to oversee the governments, the supervisory commissions, the people's courts and the people's procuratorates

 

82. 坚持大统战工作格局

building the united front with extensive participation of all political parties

 

83. 促进政党关系、民族关系、宗教关系、阶层关系、海内外同胞关系和谐

promoting harmony between political parties, between ethnic groups, between religions, between social strata, and between Chinese people at home and overseas

 

84. 坚持依法治国、依法执政、依法行政共同推进

pursuing parallel progress in the rule of law for national governance, the exercise of state power and government administration

 

85. 建设人民满意的服务型政府

building a service-oriented government able to satisfy the needs of the people

 

86. 推进全国一体化政务服务平台建设

building a nation-wide online platform for government services

 

87. 改善营商环境

improving business environment

 

88. 赋予地方更多自主权

More power should be delegated to governments at and below the provincial level.

 

89. 构建亲清政商关系

building a close and clean government-business relationship

 

90. 构建区域协调发展新机制

putting in place new mechanisms for coordinated development in different regions

 

91. 建立解决相对贫困的长效机制

establishing long-term mechanisms for reducing relative poverty 

 

92. 绿水青山就是金山银山

Lucid waters and lush mountains are valuable resources.

 

93. 共建“一带一路”

jointly pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative

 

94. 既不走封闭僵化的老路，也不走改旗易帜的邪路

We must never retrace our steps to the rigidity and isolation of the past, nor should we take the wrong turn by abandoning our mission or system.

 

95. 把制度执行力和治理能力作为干部选拔任用、考核评价的重要依据

Capability for administration and implementation will be taken as important criteria for promotion, appointment and performance evaluation.